A Review of Environmental Pollution from the Use and Disposal of Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes: Contaminants, Sources, and Impacts

Evidence record

Institutions

UC Santa Barbara - Bren School

Research focus

General Environmental Research

Available evidence

Published study

Location

Not location-specific / not publicly specified

Location type

Non-spatial / not specified

Location confidence

Not applicable

Data availability

Open-access publication; dataset not confirmed

Watershed / region

Not location-specific

Verification date

2026-09-11

DOI

10.3390/su132312994

Notes

Representative publication matched to Patricia Holden by author name and institutional affiliation. No defensible California study location was identified in the public title/abstract metadata.

Linked researchers